1. Considerations for Purchasing Walkie-Talkies
1.1. Factors to consider when purchasing walkie-talkies:
Whether it's challenging outdoor trekking or leisure activities like skiing or horseback riding, walkie-talkies are the best way to maintain team communication. The special nature of outdoor activities imposes some unique requirements on our equipment selection. Key considerations include:
1.1.1. Choice of power source:
Walkie-talkies commonly use rechargeable lithium batteries, nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries, or alkaline AA batteries. In the outdoors, where charging is often unavailable, the standby and talk times become crucial parameters. Lithium and nickel-metal hydride-powered walkie-talkies generally have higher power, but the availability of backup batteries can be a significant concern. Alkaline-powered walkie-talkies typically have a power output of less than 2W, making them suitable for carrying multiple AA batteries uphill.
1.1.2. Communication frequency:
The communication frequency is closely related to wireless communication, and there are significant differences in communication frequencies between walkie-talkies purchased abroad and those bought domestically in China. It's essential to consider compatibility, especially in terms of frequency bands such as FRS (Family Radio Service) in the US and the corresponding bands in China.
2. Usability and Waterproof/Shockproof Features
You might be considering purchasing a handheld transceiver now. Handheld transceivers can change transmission frequencies, have complex scanning functions, and higher transmission power, but one drawback is their ease of use. Walkie-talkies, compared to handheld transceivers, are more user-friendly, with simpler panels that can be learned in about five minutes. Given the harsh outdoor conditions, it's advisable to consider waterproof and shockproof features for walkie-talkies.
3. Power
In line-of-sight situations, the power of walkie-talkies is generally proportional to the communication distance. For example, a 0.5W walkie-talkie promises a linear communication distance of about 3.2 kilometers, while a 2W walkie-talkie reaches 9-10 kilometers (with reduced distance in mountainous areas). Higher power introduces the issue of increased power consumption, so it's essential to consider your potential scenarios and expected communication distances when making a purchase.
4. Customer Buying Suggestions for Walkie-Talkies
Currently, there is no standardized protocol for outdoor communication in the wilderness. However, with the increasing popularity of wireless knowledge and equipment, the introduction of such a protocol is only a matter of time. Given the prevalence of FRS frequency band walkie-talkies among outdoor enthusiasts, it's recommended to consider purchasing walkie-talkies compatible with the domestic FRS frequency band.
5. Types of Users to Consider
5.1. Users with simple, lightweight communication needs in non-harsh conditions and a 3-kilometer communication range are recommended to choose Chinese civilian walkie-talkies like TSC-650S.
5.2. Those requiring longer communication distances for extended outdoor use may opt for FRS/GMRS-type 2W walkie-talkies, such as Talkabout Distance DPS, or single-band handheld radios in the 420-470MHz range.
5.3. Users with an interest in experimenting with outdoor communication, not afraid of complex operations and possessing professional knowledge, are encouraged to join HAM radio and choose suitable handheld radios.
6. How to Choose Walkie-Talkies
Choosing walkie-talkies during the purchasing process is crucial due to the variety available in the market. Walkie-talkies can be broadly categorized into professional and civilian models. Professional models have higher power (above 4W) and cater to applications requiring longer communication distances, such as public security, security, and professional mountaineers. Civilian walkie-talkies, with power below 0.5W, suit applications with less stringent communication distance requirements, like small gatherings, exhibitions, and tourism.
7. Professional Walkie-Talkies
If considering purchasing conventional professional walkie-talkies, there are generally two frequency bands to choose from: the 150MHz band and the 400MHz band. It is recommended to choose products in the 400MHz band due to its higher frequency, allowing for shorter and more elegant antennas. Additionally, 400MHz devices tend to perform better in terms of communication distance compared to 150MHz devices, especially in areas with interference.
8. Communication Distance
Communication distances can be categorized as short-range (0-3 kilometers), suitable for personal users using civilian walkie-talkies, and medium-range (3-10 kilometers), where professional walkie-talkies are recommended. For longer distances, the use of repeaters or vehicle-to-vehicle communication is suggested. For even greater distances or better communication quality without a pre-established network, cluster walkie-talkies can be considered, offering effective ranges of 15-30 kilometers with wireless network support.
9. Transmit Power
Transmit power is crucial for wireless devices, directly impacting communication stability and pricing. The transmit power of wireless devices should typically be between 25mW and 50mW or correspond to a transmission distance of 50 to 200 meters. It is important to pay attention to the specified transmit power when selecting wireless devices.
10. Operating Guidelines for Walkie-Talkies
10.1. Ensure the correct channel is selected.
10.2. When transmitting, keep the walkie-talkie in a vertical position, at least 2.5 centimeters away from the head or body, to minimize radiation exposure.
10.3. Keep transmissions brief to shorten each transmission time.
10.4. Avoid touching or rotating the antenna during use to prevent skin burns or damage to the walkie-talkie.
10.5. Check the battery compartment for items that may cause a short circuit, such as keys or metal chains.
10.6. In areas with "turn off the walkie-talkie" signs or in flammable environments like hospitals or gas stations, turn off the walkie-talkie.
10.7. During the first charge, exceed 8 hours to ensure future charging efficiency and battery lifespan.
11. Procedure for Purchasing Walkie-Talkies
To use walkie-talkies, one must occupy frequency resources and must apply to the local radio management department for approval before purchasing and using the devices.
11.1. Obtain the "Radio Station Setup Declaration Form" from the radio management department or designated dealer.
11.2. Fill out the form, clearly specifying the usage area, quantity, purpose, and affix the unit's official seal.
11.3. Submit the completed form to the radio management department for approval. After approval and the allocation of frequencies, the radio committee issues a "Reply Document" to the applicant.
11.4. Purchase walkie-talkies with the "Reply Document" in hand.
11.5. Bring the walkie-talkies and the "Reply Document" to the radio management department for inspection and payment of frequency occupancy fees. The radio committee then issues a "Radio Station License."